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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">敏捷开发落地新范式(MOMOKO)</h1>
        

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        <p>敏捷开发以用户的需求进化为核心，采用迭代、循序渐进的方法进行软件开发。</p>
<p>敏捷开发宣言:</p>
<ul>
<li>个体和交互胜过过程和工具</li>
<li>可工作的软件胜过面面俱到的文档</li>
<li>客户协作胜过合同谈判</li>
<li>响应变化胜过遵循计划</li>
</ul>
<p>敏捷开发流程:</p>
<p><img src="http://b.hiphotos.baidu.com/baike/c0%3Dbaike80%2C5%2C5%2C80%2C26%3Bt%3Dgif/sign=1004527857fbb2fb202650402e234bc1/241f95cad1c8a78680fd102b6509c93d70cf503b.jpg =800x" alt="image"></p>
<p>作者提出一种落地范式:影响地图-&gt;故事地图-&gt;看板<br><img src="http://127.0.0.1/Desktop/pic1.png =800x" alt="image"></p>
<h2 id="2-影响地图"><a href="#2-影响地图" class="headerlink" title="2.影响地图"></a>2.影响地图</h2><h3 id="为什么"><a href="#为什么" class="headerlink" title="为什么"></a>为什么</h3><ul>
<li>业务职能与开发职能之间交流决策的隔阂<br><img src="http://127.0.0.1/Desktop/pic2.png =800x" alt="image"></li>
<li>业务目标与功能之间映射关系的模糊和不一致</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://www.ituring.com.cn/download/01fxSGzi49zd.small" alt="image"></p>
<h3 id="具体内容"><a href="#具体内容" class="headerlink" title="具体内容"></a>具体内容</h3><p><img src="http://retype.wenku.bdimg.com/retype/zoom/343d8fd8b14e852458fb57f9?pn=8&amp;o=jpg_6&amp;md5sum=f9d6a3e25078cdaa4c0e237b3a65b4ff&amp;sign=b9fc63038f&amp;png=134587-151395&amp;jpg=657174-720276 =800x" alt="image"></p>
<ul>
<li>WHY - 就是要实现的业务目标或要解决客户的核心问题是什么<ul>
<li>SMART(具体、可衡量、可达成、相关性、时间性),如”增加付费用户的比例” =&gt; “三个月内付费用户比例从1%增加到1.5%”</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>WHO － 就是可以通过影响谁的行为来实现目标，或消除实现目标的阻碍<ul>
<li>主要用户（产品的直接使用者）</li>
<li>次要用户（安装和维护人员）</li>
<li>产品关系人(采购的决策者、竞争对手)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>HOW - 就是怎样影响角色的行为，来达成目标；这里既包含产生促进目标实现的正面行为，也包含消除阻碍目标实现的负面行为</li>
<li><p>WHAT - 就是要交付什么产品功能或服务产生希望的影响。它决定了产品的范围</p>
</li>
<li><p>功能假设 - 假设通过设想的功能能对角色产生期望的影响</p>
</li>
<li>影响假设 - 假设对角色产生这样的影响会促进目标的实现</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="举例"><a href="#举例" class="headerlink" title="举例"></a>举例</h3><p><img src="http://www.ituring.com.cn/download/01fxSH0CALOd.small" alt="image"></p>
<h2 id="3-故事地图"><a href="#3-故事地图" class="headerlink" title="3.故事地图"></a>3.故事地图</h2><ul>
<li>根据影响地图确定要开发的业务流</li>
<li>确定优先级</li>
<li>并按照优先级的顺序，整理成为一个个的迭代</li>
<li>然后把一个个的迭代拆成一个个可验收的故事卡</li>
</ul>
<p>需求拆分为故事卡的原则是:</p>
<ul>
<li>故事卡是可以独立验收的场景</li>
<li>故事卡包含的点数应该尽量小,如果超过了应该重新拆分该故事卡</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="4-看板"><a href="#4-看板" class="headerlink" title="4.看板"></a>4.看板</h2><p>MASTER把当前Sprint中所有的故事卡贴到故事墙上，等待开发人员的开发。故事墙的模板为:<br><img src="http://yspe2371e4aa7697989.yunshipei.cn/dHlwZT1mdyZzaXplPTY0MCZzcmM9YUhSMGNDVXpRU1V5UmlVeVJtaHBMbU56Wkc0dWJtVjBKVEpHWVhSMFlXTm9iV1Z1ZENVeVJqSXdNVEV3TmlVeVJqRXlKVEpHTUY4eE16QTNPRFkyTlRrMVVrbDBNeTVuYVdZPQ==" alt="image"></p>
<ul>
<li>分析 － 起始点</li>
<li>等待开发 - 开发人员和SE确认了需求，明确了做什么以及怎么做以后，把故事卡从分析阶段移到等待开发</li>
<li>开发中 - 开发人员一次只开发一张故事卡，把相应开发的那张卡移植到开发中</li>
<li>阻塞 - 如果开发过程中，由于配合的原因，导致故事卡无法继续走下去，则把该卡移动到阻塞阶段</li>
<li>开发完成 - 如果开发完成，并向MASTER  SHOW CASE以后，开发人员吧故事卡移植到等待测试</li>
<li>等待测试 - 测试人员看到等待测试中有卡以后，对故事卡进行测试，测试完成以后把卡移到测试完成阶段，如果测试有问题，则移出该卡到开发中阶段</li>
<li>测试完成 - 本张卡的生命周期结束</li>
</ul>
<p>当然，每个Sprint都有一个总结会议，回顾本次开发过程、梳理好与不好的点，并针对不好的点提出解决方案，以便在下一个Sprint改进.</p>
<h2 id="5-综述"><a href="#5-综述" class="headerlink" title="5.综述"></a>5.综述</h2><p>敏捷是一柄双刃剑，用的好能极大的提升开发效率，适应需求的变化; 用的不好则会导致项目的混乱。<br>敏捷开发提倡一个迭代80%以上的时间都在编程，几乎没有设计的阶段，因为我们必须保证我们的代码的质量。因此在整个迭代过程中我们要持续做到以下几个方面:<br><img src="http://yspe2371e4aa7697989.yunshipei.cn/dHlwZT1mdyZzaXplPTY0MCZzcmM9YUhSMGNDVXpRU1V5UmlVeVJtaHBMbU56Wkc0dWJtVjBKVEpHWVhSMFlXTm9iV1Z1ZENVeVJqSXdNVEV3TmlVeVJqRXhKVEpHTUY4eE16QTNPRE0xT1RjM05EUndNeTVuYVdZPQ==" alt="image"></p>

      
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